nkhani

5G ndi ukadaulo wolumikizirana wa m'badwo wachisanu, womwe umadziwika kwambiri ndi kutalika kwa mamilimita, ultra wideband, ultra-high speed, komanso ultra-low latency. 1G yakwanitsa kulumikizana ndi mawu a analog, ndipo mchimwene wake wamkulu alibe chophimba ndipo amangoyimba mafoni; 2G yakwanitsa kusintha kulumikizana ndi mawu kukhala digito, ndipo makina ogwira ntchito ali ndi chophimba chaching'ono chomwe chingatumize mauthenga; 3G yakwanitsa kulumikizana ndi ma multimedia kupitilira mawu ndi zithunzi, zomwe zimapangitsa chophimba kukhala chachikulu kuti chizionere zithunzi; 4G yakwanitsa kupeza intaneti yothamanga kwambiri, ndipo mafoni akuluakulu amatha kuonera makanema afupiafupi, koma chizindikirocho ndi chabwino m'mizinda komanso m'madera osauka akumidzi. 1G~4G imayang'ana kwambiri kulumikizana kosavuta komanso kogwira mtima pakati pa anthu, pomwe 5G ithandiza kulumikizana kwa zinthu zonse nthawi iliyonse, kulikonse, kulola anthu kulimba mtima kuyembekezera kutenga nawo mbali mogwirizana ndi zinthu zonse padziko lapansi kudzera mu kuwonera pompopompo popanda kusiyana kwa nthawi.

Kufika kwa nthawi ya 5G ndi kuyambitsidwa kwa ukadaulo waukulu wa MIMO kwatsogolera mwachindunji ku zochitika zitatu pakukula kwa ma antenna a 5G base station:
1) Kukula kwa ma antenna osagwira ntchito kupita ku ma antenna ogwira ntchito;
2) Chodyetsa chosinthira cha fiber optic;
3) RRH (mutu wakutali wa ma frequency a wailesi) ndi antenna zimalumikizidwa pang'ono.

Ndi kusintha kosalekeza kwa ma netiweki olumikizirana kupita ku 5G, ma antenna owonetsera (multi antenna space division multiplexing), ma antenna a multi beam (network densification), ndi ma antenna a multi band (spectrum expansion) adzakhala mitundu yayikulu ya chitukuko cha ma antenna a base station mtsogolo.

Popeza ma network a 5G afika, zofuna za ogwira ntchito akuluakulu pa ma network a mafoni zikusintha nthawi zonse. Kuti akwaniritse bwino ma network, mitundu yambiri ya ma antenna osinthira ma base station imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pankhani yolumikizirana pafoni. Pa ma antenna anayi afupipafupi, kuti akwaniritse kulamulira ngodya yake yotsika yamagetsi, pakadali pano pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya zida zowongolera zamagetsi, kuphatikiza kuphatikiza ma controller awiri osinthira magetsi amagetsi omangidwa mkati, chowongolera magetsi chamagetsi chamagetsi chamagetsi chamagetsi chokhala ndi njira yosinthira ma transmission, ndi ma controller anayi osinthira magetsi amagetsi amagetsi omangidwa mkati. Zikuoneka kuti ngakhale chipangizo chiti chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, sichingalekanitsidwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma antenna motors.

Kapangidwe kake ka injini yamagetsi yopangira ma antenna ya siteshoni yamagetsi ndi makina ophatikizira ochepetsa mphamvu ya injini opangidwa ndi injini yopangira ma transmission ndi gearbox yochepetsera, yomwe ili ndi ntchito yosintha kutsika kwa liwiro; injini yopangira ma transmission imapereka liwiro lotulutsa ndi liwiro lotsika la torque, ndipo gearbox imalumikizidwa ku injini yopangira ma transmission kuti ichepetse liwiro lotulutsa la injini yopangira ma transmission pamene ikuwonjezera torque, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zotumizira; Gearbox yamagetsi yopangira ma antenna ya siteshoni yamagetsi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito magawo aukadaulo a gearbox yamagetsi, mphamvu, ndi magwiridwe antchito kuti ikwaniritse bwino zinthu zachilengedwe monga chilengedwe, nyengo, kusiyana kwa kutentha, ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyenera zotumizira komanso moyo wautumiki.