nkhani

1. Zoyembekeza za injini: kuyenda kozungulira
Mota nthawi zambiri imatanthauza mota yomwe imapeza mphamvu yamakina kuchokera ku mphamvu yamagetsi, ndipo nthawi zambiri imatanthauza mota yomwe imapeza kayendetsedwe kozungulira. (Palinso mota yolunjika yomwe imapeza kayendetsedwe kolunjika, koma sitidzatchula zimenezo nthawi ino.)

Ndiye, mukufuna mtundu wanji wa kuzungulira? Kodi mukufuna kuti izungulire mwamphamvu ngati chobowolera, kapena mukufuna kuti izungulire mofooka koma pa liwiro lalikulu ngati fani yamagetsi? Mwa kuyang'ana kwambiri kusiyana kwa kayendedwe kozungulira komwe mukufuna, makhalidwe awiri a liwiro lozungulira ndi torque amakhala ofunikira.

2. Mphamvu
Mphamvu ya torque ndi mphamvu yozungulira. Mphamvu ya torque ndi N·m, koma pankhani ya ma mota ang'onoang'ono, mN·m imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Injiniyo yapangidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuti iwonjezere mphamvu. Pamene waya wamagetsi umazungulira kwambiri, mphamvu yake imakulanso.
Popeza kuchuluka kwa kupotoza kumakhala kochepa malinga ndi kukula kwa coil yokhazikika, waya wopangidwa ndi enamel wokhala ndi waya waukulu umagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Makina athu a injini opanda burashi (TEC) okhala ndi 16 mm, 20 mm ndi 22 mm ndi 24 mm, 28 mm, 36 mm, 42 mm, mitundu 8 ya kukula kwa mainchesi 60 kunja. Popeza kukula kwa coil kumawonjezekanso ndi mainchesi a injini, mphamvu yowonjezereka ingapezeke.
Maginito amphamvu amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma torque akuluakulu popanda kusintha kukula kwa injini. Maginito a Neodymium ndi maginito amphamvu kwambiri okhazikika, kutsatiridwa ndi maginito a samarium-cobalt. Komabe, ngakhale mutagwiritsa ntchito maginito amphamvu okha, mphamvu ya maginito imatuluka mu injini, ndipo mphamvu ya maginito yotuluka sidzathandizira kuti mphamvu ya maginito ituluke.
Kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino mphamvu ya maginito, chinthu chopyapyala chogwira ntchito chotchedwa electromagnetic steel plate chimayikidwa kuti chiwongolere bwino maginito.
Komanso, chifukwa mphamvu ya maginito ya maginito a samarium cobalt ndi yokhazikika pakusintha kwa kutentha, kugwiritsa ntchito maginito a samarium cobalt kumatha kuyendetsa mota mokhazikika pamalo omwe kutentha kwakukulu kapena kutentha kwambiri kumasintha.

3. Liwiro (kusintha)
Chiwerengero cha ma revolutions a mota nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa "liwiro". Ndi momwe injini imazungulira kangati pa unit time. Ngakhale kuti "rpm" imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati ma revolutions pamphindi, imafotokozedwanso ngati "min-1" mu SI system of units.

Poyerekeza ndi torque, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma revolutions sikovuta kwenikweni. Ingochepetsani kuchuluka kwa ma turns mu coil kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa ma turns. Komabe, popeza torque imachepa pamene chiwerengero cha ma revolutions chikukwera, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse za torque ndi revolution.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati mugwiritsa ntchito liwiro lalikulu, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito ma bearing a mpira m'malo mwa ma bearing wamba. Liwiro likakwera, kukana kukangana kumakhala kwakukulu, moyo wa injini umakhala waufupi.
Kutengera ndi kulondola kwa shaft, liwiro likakwera, phokoso ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kugwedezeka zimakula. Chifukwa mota yopanda burashi ilibe burashi kapena commutator, imapanga phokoso ndi kugwedezeka kochepa kuposa mota yopukutidwa (yomwe imalumikiza burashi ndi commutator yozungulira).
Gawo 3: Kukula
Ponena za injini yoyenera, kukula kwa injiniyo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito. Ngakhale liwiro (kusintha) ndi mphamvu zili zokwanira, sizothandiza ngati sizingayikidwe pa chinthu chomaliza.

Ngati mukufuna kungowonjezera liwiro, mutha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma turn a waya, ngakhale kuchuluka kwa ma turn kuli kochepa, koma pokhapokha ngati pali torque yochepa, sidzazungulira. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupeza njira zowonjezera torque.

Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito maginito amphamvu omwe ali pamwambapa, ndikofunikiranso kuwonjezera mphamvu ya duty cycle ya winding. Takhala tikulankhula za kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa waya wozungulira kuti tiwonetsetse kuchuluka kwa ma revolutions, koma izi sizikutanthauza kuti wayayo wapindika mosasamala.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mawaya okhuthala m'malo mochepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma windings, mphamvu zambiri zimatha kuyenda ndipo mphamvu yayikulu imatha kupezeka ngakhale pa liwiro lomwelo. Kuchuluka kwa malo ndi chizindikiro cha momwe wayayo yalumikizidwira mwamphamvu. Kaya ikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma turns owonda kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma turns owonda, ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti mupeze mphamvu.

Kawirikawiri, kutulutsa kwa injini kumadalira zinthu ziwiri: chitsulo (maginito) ndi mkuwa (kuzungulira).